Standards for Evaluating Scholarship and Creative/Professional Work
Note: The standards below were used prior to December 2017. To see current standards, go to the "December 2017 to Current" page.
Emerson College and the Institute for Liberal Arts and Interdisciplinary Studies are committed to providing support and guidance that enables faculty members to fulfill the criteria for tenure and promotion. The Emerson College Faculty Handbook directs each faculty unit to: “define expectations for [scholarly/creative] accomplishments appropriate to the [represented] discipline or disciplines….” (8.2.2)
Tenure-Seeking Faculty (Assistant to Associate Professor)
Coherence
A candidate’s work may cover more than one area of scholarly or creative endeavor, but as a whole, the work should exhibit a cumulative breadth and/or depth of scholarly/creative endeavor. The body of work should show a trajectory that exhibits the potential for future work that builds on what has been accomplished. We encourage the candidate to articulate how the body of scholarly/creative work represented in the dossier provides promise of development, enrichment, and creative intellectual engagement for future work. Assessments of a candidate’s scholarly/creative production will take into account the objectives, aims and priorities identified in the candidate’s Personal Statement. Institute faculty are often engaged in interdisciplinary scholarly/creative work; reviewers familiar with and cognizant of the merits of such work should be solicited.
The interdisciplinary nature of professional work produced by Institute faculty may include components of creative accomplishment; these are to be understood as having parity with research or other scholarly productions. Dossiers may include publication of scholarly work exclusively, incorporate scholarly and creative accomplishments, or include a preponderance of creative work. Assessments of the merits of any candidate’s work must give appropriate attention to the scope of work offered as evidence of excellence and apply criteria appropriate to the variety of media of production.
Significance
A candidate’s work should advance knowledge, appreciation, or understanding of the area of specialization of her/his scholarly/creative work. There are many ways of judging the significance of scholarly/creative work. The list that follows indicates broad parameters of the types of evidence that may be used to indicate the significance of the body of scholarly/creative work under review; indices of significance include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following:
- The candidate’s work appears in venues that indicate excellence as judged by professional peers. For example, scholarly work is published in relevant journals that use a blind peer-review process or creative work is showcased at juried festivals or other venues known for high artistic merit such as exhibitions in museums or academic institutions organized by reputable curators. Generally speaking, significance is indicated by the selectivity and professional reputation of the venues in which the work is published, exhibited, performed, or otherwise disseminated. Some fields of scholarly/creative work are community based or otherwise involved in civic engagement; in such cases, significance would be indicated by impact at the local rather than regional or national level and venues for such work should be appropriate to the nature of the artist’s or scholar’s work.
- The publishing journal is a reputable one; it may have a national or international audience; dramatic performances or exhibition of other creative work takes place in respected professional venues beyond those of local reputation only. (For example, performance venues in the Boston area may be relatively obscure elsewhere or might have regional and/or national stature.) If a book is published, the press is considered credible by professionally accomplished members in the area of specialization.
- Impartial evaluators of the work, who are themselves respected in the candidate’s area of scholarly/creative work, identify it as a significant contribution; for example, a work of visual art may be included in a museum show and its merits addressed by the curator in the exhibition catalog. The candidate’s work may be cited by scholars, journalists, artists or other academic/public figures relevant to the candidate’s field. The work may have received awards indicative of esteem by peers.
- For work produced in collaboration with other artists or scholars or featured in a group exhibition or an anthologized collection, the collaborators are professional artists or scholars with distinctive reputations in their own right.
- The candidate has been invited to comment or lecture on his/her work in public or academic venues.
- The work, in aggregate, conforms to standards of excellence articulated by relevant professional organizations.
The candidate is advised to address the question of the significance of the body of work in the Personal Statement by, for example, citing impact factors, blind vs. non-blind peer review processes, acceptance rates, reputation of the editorial or curatorial staff, prestige of the other contributors to the production, and/or other relevant measures of the significance of the context in which the work is viewed or disseminated.
The external reviews solicited by the College for the promotion and tenure review are especially important in measuring the scholarly/creative significance of the candidate’s work. The external reviews must be seen in the context of the evidence provided by the candidate and be viewed as offering additional, well-informed assessments of a scholarly/creative agenda. The external reviews are not the sole arbiters of the significance of the work included in the dossier.
Productivity
The range of scholarly/creative work produced by Institute faculty cannot be predicted in advance; therefore, these standards cannot be exhaustive in listing all possible equivalencies. Those engaged in review of dossiers must take care to ensure parity in assessing scholarly and creative work.
A typical dossier exhibiting an appropriate level of scholarly productivity may include 5-6 blind peer-reviewed journal articles judged as significant (in aggregate) using the criteria above over the pre-tenure period. Fewer essays of greater significance (for example, placement in the most reputable journals or with greater impact on the academy or public) might also exhibit an appropriate level of productivity. The articles should appear in journals or books appropriate to the disciplinary, sub-disciplinary, or interdisciplinary focus of the candidate’s work. (Articles accepted for publication, but not yet in print, may be used as evidence of productivity if accompanied by a letter from the editor indicating acceptance and anticipated publication date.)
In some scholarly fields, a single-authored multi-chapter book articulating a sustained and coherent argument is a more typical expression of scholarly achievement and may constitute the level of productivity expected. Books published by academic presses or other presses with strong peer review protocols are more important than books published in less competitive venues. The candidate’s Personal Statement should provide clear indication of this peer review process. (Books accepted for publication, but not yet in print, may be included as evidence of productivity. A completed manuscript and signed contract are necessary).
For faculty whose tenure trajectory has been defined in terms of creative rather than scholarly work, or a combination of these, the creative works are equal in weight to scholarly publications if the work is presented in venues that can provide evidence of external validation through a critical peer review process, whether the review process occurs prior to or follows public display or dissemination of the work. For example, a book length monograph of creative work may be indicative of appropriate professional accomplishment, depending on the standing of the press. Publication of a short story in an academically respected press would be the equivalent of an article in a peer-reviewed scholarly journal in terms of productivity. A work of visual art selected by a jury for exhibition in a venue understood professionally as well respected beyond a local audience would also be considered as equivalent, as would taking a significant role in a performance in a venue understood as having more than local standing. Candidates who submit work to competitions, festivals, or other public exhibitions are expected to outline the process for selection and other relevant evaluative information.
A candidate may edit an anthology or special issue of a journal, which would be considered as an extension of her/his scholarly/creative work and judged for its coherence within that project. These would be judged for significance on the basis of content and merit. Should the candidate include her/his own article, this article would be considered as a separate piece of work, additional to the editorial project itself.
Serving as a journal editor is part of one's creative/scholarly work and/or service to the profession. Candidates engaged in such work should make clear the parameters of their engagement by offering a concise description of their particular work for the journal.
Invited book chapters, although useful in demonstrating a candidate’s commitment to a coherent research program and/or reputation in the field, generally are not considered as indicative of productivity as work selected through blind, peer-reviewed processes (including essays in books when the book itself is subject to rigorous peer review). An exception to this generalization occurs if the book constitutes a significant contribution to the discipline.
In most cases, textbooks, while indicative of service to the professional field, do not constitute an original contribution to that field. However, a book regularly and widely used in classes that includes sustained and original assessment of, or commentary on, the material included may be seen as adding support to the judgment of adequate productivity.
Additional evidence of scholarly/creative productivity, though not as strong as the above examples, includes book reviews, entries in disciplinary encyclopedias, and the like. While these show good standing in the profession and service to the scholarly field, they should not be viewed as sole determinants of productivity.
Public readings or paper presentations at relevant conferences or other venues are useful for demonstrating active participation in one’s discipline but are not counted independently as “scholarship.” In general, papers are considered preliminaries to publication. Professional or commissioned creative work that is not subject to a juried or critical peer review process also provides evidence of active participation in the candidate’s field.
Serving as an officer in professional organizations, member of an editorial board or as manuscript reader for a peer-reviewed publication or on the board of a professional organization also demonstrates active participation in the field and is testimony to the professional respect granted the candidate. It is a meritorious addition to the record but it is not a substitute for reasonable evidence of a productive scholarly/creative agenda.
In some fields the norm is sole authorship or solo performances while in others jointly authored scholarship or other types of collaborative work is common, and in still others collaboration is at the heart of any production. It is important in cases of collaborative work that a candidate’s contribution be significant rather than peripheral; the issue should be addressed in the Personal Statement.
Dossiers may contain evidence of scholarly/creative work that is not easily comparable to the examples above, such as that of a curator, set designer, community organizer, translator, and so on. The candidate should explain the nature of sustained endeavor necessary for the production of the work in the Personal Statement. Reviewers should explain how the work is equivalent or comparable with the examples above when assessing adequate productivity. As with any evidence of scholarly or creative productivity, its significance will be evaluated according to the parameters detailed above under “Significance.”
The Internet provides ever-expanding opportunities for placing scholarly/creative work. The stature of such outlets will typically be determined in a parallel fashion to traditional research/creative outlets. The candidate should address the issues of selectivity, reputation, review processes, and audience of electronic venues in the Personal Statement. Reviewers should explain how the work is equivalent or comparable with the examples above when assessing adequate productivity. Reviewers are asked to examine the material in the media/um in which it was produced whenever possible.
Candidates whose scholarly/creative work appears in venues not published in English or whose creative work is presented or disseminated in languages other than English are asked to provide information in English as to the content of the work (for example, an abstract), the review process, selectivity of the venue, and so forth. Work appearing in non-English-language venues, but conforming to the standards articulated above, must be assessed on a par with work appearing in English-language venues.
External Funding, Grants, and Fellowships
External funding from grants, contracts, and fellowships (“Sponsored Research”) are important resources for faculty in their scholarly/creative pursuits. Substantial research grants, fellowships, and contracts that have undergone a rigorous review process and been awarded, could, depending on their scope and prestige, be similar to a publication of a major work or to a reputable peer-reviewed journal article. Non-funded or pending large-scale applications are positive contributions to the dossier, but do not count as items to be assessed in tenure and promotion. Successful funding procurement may not constitute the only evidence of scholarly/creative accomplishment.
All relevant information related to the funding should be identified in the candidate’s dossier, including its status (funded, non-funded, pending), the candidate’s the role in the project (Principal Investigator, Consultant, etc.) and any percentage of involvement in the work in a co-authored enterprise.
Candidates are strongly encouraged to discuss the relevance of these and any additional types of scholarly/creative work in their Personal Statements.
Tenured Faculty (Associate to Full Professor)
The tenured faculty member seeking promotion from Associate to Full Professor should have demonstrated continued production of significant peer-reviewed scholarly/creative work according to the guidelines above. In addition, a senior academic is expected to have established and maintained a national and/or international reputation in her/his area of expertise. In addition, the Full Professor shows evidence that he/she is a leader in his/her profession. Evidence of this may include, but is not limited to: journal editorship; service on boards of academic organizations, grant review panels, author of recognized books or texts, funding applications and awards; and so on. Additional evidence of a national presence will be provided in letters solicited by the College from full professor tenured external reviewers in the field.